Fig. 1
From: Comparison of canine colostrum and milk using a multi-omics approach
Microbiota of canine milk on days 1 and 8 post-whelping. Colostrum and milk samples were processed for 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the microbiota were characterized. Relative abundance at the (a) phylum level (10 most abundant taxa) and (b) genus level (20 most abundant taxa), after rarefaction, are displayed divided by colostrum samples (day 1) and milk samples (day 8). Remainders to 1.00 are the fraction of the other less abundant taxa. (c) Relative abundance of the genus Bifidobacterium, a highly abundant taxon in human milk was examined. While prevalence was 37.5% and 62.5% for colostrum and milk, respectively, as seen here, abundance was low and did not change with time post-whelping. (d) Principal coordinate analysis representing beta diversity based on weighted UniFrac distances of dams at two time points: day 1 (red), and day 8 (blue) post-whelping. Lines connecting the dots show the two timepoints of a single dam, while isolated dots represent samples for which only one timepoint passed quality control (PERMANOVA, p-value = 0.133). Differential abundance analysis revealed increased relative abundance of (e) Dorea (ANCOM, W = 382) and (f) Ruminococcus (ANCOM, W = 357) in milk samples compared to colostrum. Ncolostrum=16, Nmilk=16